Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Paraganglioma (PGL) is a neuroendocrine tumor derived from extra adrenal autonomic paraganglia with a germinal mutation rate of 30%. Metastatic paraganglioma (MPGL) can only be predicted after evidence of secondary lesions and it can occur in up to 50% of cases. Clinical course is remarkably variable, but 5-year overall survival is generally around 50%. Treatment options include surgical resection, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and 123I-MIBG. Being a neu...

Introduction: Thyroid incidentaloma in 18F-FDG PET-CT is relatively common and the most focal uptake are benign. However, the risk of malignancy of thyroid lesions with focal uptake on 18F-FDG PET-CT is 34.8%. Metastasis to the thyroid is uncommon (less than 0.2% of thyroid fine needle aspiration – FNA - puncture findings), with renal neoplasms being the most frequently associated (48.1%) and, more rarely, those from the breast (7.8%).Case report: A...

Background: While pituitary adenomas are the commonest Sella neoplasm, number of other entities should be considered in the differential diagnosis and the diagnosis is based on histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics. Pituitary tumors with papillary architecture are uncommon and have limited differential diagnoses. Primary papillary epithelial tumor of the pituitary is a recently described histopathological entity with striking papillary architecture and TTF1...

Introduction: Adrenal oncocytoma (AO) and ganglioneuroma (GN) are rare causes of adrenal masses, corresponding usually to nonfunctional and benign tumors. However, 20% of the AO shows some elements of malignancy and 10–20% of them affect adrenal hormone production. GNs account for 0.3%-2% of adrenal incidentalomas, with punctate calcifications in CT imaging being highly suggestive. However, preoperative differential diagnosis remains challenging. Adrenal arterial emboliza...

Background: Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) is one of the few treatable causes of male infertility; spermatogenesis induction can be achieved with gonadotrophins or pulsatile GnRH. Treatment protocols are normally long, and outcome varies according to the underlying aetiology, age of onset and history of undescended testes. Regular follow-ups are needed to assess the response and monitor for adverse effects of therapy that could make the management challenging.<p class=...

Background: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid carcinoma, but it rarely presents as an intrathoracic mass with concurrent hyperthyroidism due to Graves disease.Case presentation: A 73-year-old man presented with weight loss. Imaging by computed tomography (CT) documented a large mediastinal mass in the infrathyroidal space separate from the thyroid gland and pulmonary lesions suggestive of metastases. Neck ultrasound showed...

Pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor made up of chromaffin cells from the adrenal medulla that secrete catecholamines. It can occur at any age, with a peak incidence between the fourth and fifth decade of life, and only 10% of cases occur in children. The majority of cases are sporadic and approximately 10% are malignant. The existence of familial syndrome, multiple or extra adrenal tumors is more common at younger ages. The clinic is very variable, and hypertension (HTA) is the m...

Introduction: Primary lymphoma of the thyroid (PTL) is a rare cause of malignancy, accounting for 5% of thyroid malignancies, with an annual estimated incidence of 2 per 1 million. Women are more commonly affected than men (2–8:1). Patients typically present in the sixth or seventh decade of life. Most thyroid lymphomas are non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHLs) of B-cell origin. Patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis are at greater risk for developing PTL. Treatment and...

Introduction: There are few studies either hospital bases or population based in Africa and in Angola we also have the same situation regarding endocrinology data. With this paper, the Angolan Society of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism (SAEDM), wants to contribute to the systematic and continued study of endocrine pathology in Angola.Objective: Study of the casuistic of endocrine pathology in ambulatory setting regarding the year 2015.<p class=...

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease that has serious effects on the morbi-mortality. Diabetes type 1 is less prevalent, representing 5–10% of the total cases. Data collected in Africa are scarce, and prevalence and incidence at sub - Saharan Africa are about 3-12/100,000 and 1.1–2.1/100,000 people, respectively. The Angolan reality is not known.Objective: To show the casuistic of diabetes type 1 obtained from the ambulatory con...